Introduction

Introduction

Welcome! This guide will teach you about Gab’s fundamentals. We will discuss the basic types and ideas of the language. First, lets install the language itself.

Installing the language

1. Downloading binaries from releases

cgab provides pre-built cross-platform binaries upon releases. They are available in both debug and release flavors. Select a pre-built binary that matches your system. If you don’t see one, feel free to create a Github Issue or build cgab yourself.

Note

The executable you just downloaded (gab) won’t be in your path. You’ll need to invoke it directly. Later, Gab will recommend how to update your PATH as part of installation. Ultimately, this is up to you!

2. Install via binary

All that is needed to complete the installation is this downloaded binary! From this point forward lets refer to your downloaded binary as simply gab, just to make things easier. Now, you should be able to run Gab.

# Try this:
gab

# Or this:
gab help

You should see a generic help message, summarazing the commands available to you. However, at this point trying to run any real code will fail - Gab’s core modules still need to be installed. Lets go ahead and complete your installation by downloading the core modules that Gab requires.

# Gab makes this easy:
gab get

This command downloads the gab binary and modules to Gab’s installation prefix on your machine. You should see some logs detailing this process. Lastly, complete your installation as instructed by the message in your terminal.

Note

gab calls out to the operating system for curl and tar in order to perform this installation. They should be widely available by default on most machines, including any Windows machine with Windows 10 or later. However, you may see an error message indicating that one of the two is unavailable - in that case installation will fail.

Windows

Unforunately, windows is not supported at the moment. There is currently a bug in zig cc causing miscompilations on Windows which break the c abi. The features of c which cause this bug to appear are used heavily in cgab. Until this bug is fixed in zig, Gab will not support windows.

Compiling From Source

cgab is a C project built with Zig’s c-compiler toolchain. zig cc is chosen specifically for its cross-compiling superpowers. This enables linux developers to cross-compile for Windows and run via wine, among other amazing things. As a result, a limitation placed on cgab is that there shall be no runtime dependencies other than libc. This constraint is what makes the cross compilation possible. This goes for any c modules as well - there may be NO runtime dependencies. Any 3rd party code necessary for c modules shall be kept in git-submodules, and if it must be linked, then linked statically.

Unix Systems

To manage the various useful scripts in the repo, cgab takes advantage of clide. After installing clide, building cgab from source is as simple as running:

    clide build

Clide will prompt you to select a build type and installation target. For details on how to use clide, check its readme.

Manual Build

Alternatively, zig cc can be invoked manually. Check .clide/../build.sh for an example of how to invoke zig cc, and build the appropriate artifacts.

Note

The additional flags -DGAB_PLATFORM_UNIX and -D_POSIX_C_SOURCE=200809L are required for unix builds. Clide relies on bash scripts written in the .clide/ directory, and therefore will not work on windows. On Windows, zig cc should be invoked manually. The following is an example, but will not fully build cgab.

    zig cc -O3 -std=c23 -fPIC -Wall --target=native -o gab -Iinclude -Ivendor -DNDEBUG -DGAB_PLATFORM_WIN src/**/*.c